With fabric washing, the process takes place on the roll or tube before cutting: shrinkage is used up there and pattern cutting is more predictable. With garment wash, the sewn product goes into the drum, which gives a more uneven, more authentic look, but shrinkage happens in the product, so the pattern must be cut larger or cut after a test. Garment wash needs strong stitching and trims that tolerate washing. For small lots and a uniform look, pre-washed fabric is safer; for a lived-in effect, garment wash.
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